Alphonse Bertillon, né à Paris le et mort dans cette même ville le , est un criminologue et anthropologue français, pionnier dans le domaine de l'identification judiciaire.
En 1879, il entre comme simple commis à la Préfecture de police de Paris. Confronté aux difficultés d'identification des récidivistes, il conçoit un système d’identification anthropométrique, baptisé bertillonnage. En couplant ces données avec la photographie judiciaire, il révolutionne la manière d’identifier les criminels. En 1893, il met au point la photographie judiciaire standardisée.
Il est également à l’origine de l’emploi des fiches signalétiques centralisées et de la collecte systématique des empreintes digitales - et est à l'origine du fichier anthropométrique des anarchistes.
Appelé à expertiser des documents dans le cadre de cette affaire, il se prononce contre Dreyfus en utilisant une analyse graphologique largement contestée par la suite.
Sa carrière est marquée par des controverses : ses méthodes sont critiquées par certains contemporains, notamment pour leur complexité et les risques d’erreurs humaines. De plus, la montée en puissance de la dactyloscopie (identification par les empreintes digitales), plus simple et plus fiable, finit par supplanter son système anthropométrique.
The April 22, 1853 was a Friday under the star sign of ♉. It was the 111 day of the year. President of the United States was Franklin Pierce.
If you were born on this day, you are 172 years old. Your last birthday was on the Tuesday, April 22, 2025, 196 days ago. Your next birthday is on Wednesday, April 22, 2026, in 168 days. You have lived for 63,018 days, or about 1,512,433 hours, or about 90,745,993 minutes, or about 5,444,759,580 seconds.
Some people who share this birthday:
Vladimir Lenin (politician, revolutionary, born April 22, 1870)
Amber Heard (actor, film actor, model, television actor, born April 22, 1986)
Machine Gun Kelly (actor, film actor, musician, rapper, singer, songwriter, television actor, born April 22, 1990)
Jack Nicholson (actor, art collector, character actor, film actor, film director, film producer, screenwriter, television actor, writer, born April 22, 1937)
Immanuel Kant (anthropologist, librarian, mathematician, pedagogue, philosopher, physicist, university teacher, writer, born April 22, 1724)
Jeffrey Dean Morgan (actor, film actor, television actor, born April 22, 1966)
Kaká (association football player, diplomat, writer, born April 22, 1982)
Robert Oppenheimer (art collector, engineer, nuclear physicist, theoretical physicist, university teacher, born April 22, 1904)
Sean Lock (actor, comedian, film producer, screenwriter, stand-up comedian, television actor, television presenter, born April 22, 1963)
David Luiz (association football player, born April 22, 1987)
Vladimir Nabokov (autobiographer, chess composer, chess player, journalist, lepidopterist, literary critic, novelist, playwright, poet, science fiction writer, screenwriter, translator, university teacher, writer, zoologist, born April 22, 1899)
Marshawn Lynch (American football player, born April 22, 1986)
John Waters (actor, art collector, cinematographer, director, drawer, film actor, film director, film editor, film producer, filmmaker, installation artist, journalist, photographer, screenwriter, sculptor, television actor, voice actor, born April 22, 1946)
Glen Campbell (actor, composer, film actor, guitarist, musician, singer, television presenter, born April 22, 1936)
Peter Frampton (actor, composer, guitarist, musician, pianist, singer, songwriter, born April 22, 1950)
Donald Tusk (historian, politician, born April 22, 1957)
Bettie Page (Playboy Playmate, glamour model, model, born April 22, 1923)
Rita Levi-Montalcini (biochemist, neurologist, neuroscientist, physician, politician, scientist, born April 22, 1909)
Mark van Bommel (association football manager, association football player, born April 22, 1977)
Dion Dublin (association football player, broadcaster, sports commentator, born April 22, 1969)
Marilyn Chambers (actor, model, pornographic actor, born April 22, 1952)
Aaron Spelling (actor, director, executive producer, film producer, screenwriter, television producer, born April 22, 1923)
News as it appeared on the front page of the New York Times on April 22, 1853
ADDITIONAL CITY NEWS.; Amusements this Evening. Trial of two Police Officers upon a charge of Burglary--The case of Alderman Wesley Smith postponed.
Date: 22 April 1853
Full Particulars may be found in our Advertising Columns. NIBLO'S GARDEN.--Combination Italian Opera. Luerezia Borgia. BROADWAY THEATRE.--Richelieu--To Paris and Back. WALLACK'S THEATRE.--Lady of Lyons--Review. BURTON'S THEATRE--Civilizntion--The Wager.
The father of tile " wild man " recently discovered in the neighborhood of Florence, Ala., went after his son and took him home to Knox County, Tenn. The Florence Gazette describes the interview of the father and son.
For the other City News of this morning, see Third Page. Amusements this Evening. Full Particulars may be found in out Advertising Columns. NIBLO'S GARDEN.--Combination Italian Opera. Monday. BROADWAY THEATRE.--Venice Pressed--Obstinate Family. WALLACK'S THEATRE.--Se Stoops to Conquer--Pauline. BURTON'S THEATRE.--Civilization--The Omnibus. ST. CHARLES THEATRE.--The Momentous Question-Eveleen Wilson--Jack Shepard.